Literature
- Goetghebuer, M. 1921a. Chironomides de Belgique et spécialement de la zone des Flandres. Mémoires du Musee royal d'Histoire naturelle de Belgique 8 (4) 31: 1-211.
- Langton, P.H. 1984a. A key to pupal exuviae of British Chironomidae. Privately published by P.H. Langton, 1 Brooks Road, March, Cambridgeshire: 324 pp.
- Langton, P.H. 1991a. A key to pupal exuviae of West Palaearctic Chironomidae. Privately published by P.H. Langton: 3 St Felix Road, Ramsay Forty Foot, Cambridgeshire, England PE17 1YH: 386 pp.
- Langton, P.H. and Pinder, L.C.V. 2003a. A key to adult males of British and Irish Chironomidae. Scientific Publications of the Freshwater Biological Association: (in prep.).