Literature
- Langton, P.H. and Pinder, L.C.V. 2003a. A key to adult males of British and Irish Chironomidae. Scientific Publications of the Freshwater Biological Association: (in prep.).
- Malloch, J.R. 1915a. The Chironomidae, or midges, of Illinois, with particular reference to the species occurring in the Illinois River. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of natural History 10: 275-543.