Literature
- Johannsen, O.A. 1908a. New North American Chironomidae. Rep. Ent. No. 23. Albany, N.Y. State Educational Department, Museum Bulletin 124: 264-285.
- Langton, P.H. and Pinder, L.C.V. 2003a. A key to adult males of British and Irish Chironomidae. Scientific Publications of the Freshwater Biological Association: (in prep.).
- Meigen, J.W. 1830a. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europäischen, zweiflügeligen Insekten. Hamm 6: XI+1-401.
- Staeger, C. 1839a. Systematisk fortegnelse over de i Danmark hidtil fundne Diptera. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift (1) 2: 549-600.