Literature
- Freeman, P. 1956b. Diptera (Nematocera): Chironomidae. pp. 361-381. In: Hanström, B., Brinck, P. and Rudebeck, G.L. [eds.]: South African Animal Life. Vol. II. Results of the Lund University expedition in 1950-1951. Stockholm, Almqvist and Wiksell.