Literature
- Edwards, F.W. 1926a. On marine Chironomidae (Diptera) with descriptions of a new genus and four new species from Samoa. Proceedings of the zoological Society of London 51: 779-806.
- Pinder, L.C.V. and Reiss, F. 1986a. The pupae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. [ed.]: Chironomidae of the Holarctic region. Part 2. Pupae. Entomologica scandinavica Supplement 28: 299-456.